Diabetes

                                                        Diabetes

Basic Meaning :- When you eat, your body turns food in to sugars, or glucose… At that point, your pancreas is suppoted to release insulin.

                                                                                                            

• Diabetes is due to not enough insulin being made in the pancreas.
• Insulin allows sugar to pass into our cells to be used for energy.
• A group of metabolic diseases in which the person has high blood glucose.

Insulin is use to open your cells, to allow the glucose to enter and 

allow you to use the glucose for energy. but with diabetes this 

system does not work...the body's cells do not

respond properly  to insulin.

                                                   

Cause of Diabetes :-

Diabetes causes vary depending on your genetic makeup, family history, ethnicity, health and environmental factors.

There are two primary causes of diabetes:

1) A long-term diet that has been high in carbohydrates and
2) Nutritional deficiencies.

 Management of Diabetes :-

Objective :-

• To improve blood glucose and lipid levels.
• To promote consistent day to day intake for people with insulin dependent diabetes and weight management for people with noninsulin dependent type.
• To encourage healthy eating habits.  

The main modes of treatment of diabetes are :-

• Diet
• Oral hypoglycaemic drugs
• Physical activity
• Education

Myths and Facts of Diabetes :-

 

Myths	Facts
Ø  Diabetics can eat wheat  but not rice Ø  Any amount of wheat can be consumed. Ø  Fasting  can be compensated by the next meal. Ø  Feasting can be done by fasting the next meal. Ø  Diabetic diet is a special diet. Ø  Fruits can be eaten in unlimited quantities. Ø  Vegetables can  be eaten in unlimited quantities. Ø  Liquids are  easily digestible. Ø  Fruit juices/cola drinks can be taken. Ø  Bitter foods like fenugreek and bitter gourd are good. Ø  Sugar is to be totally be avoided. Ø  Avoid carbohydrate and fats.	Ø  Both have similar glycaemic  index and raise the blood sugar to a similar extent. Ø  Many diabetics feel it convenient to count and limit the number of chapathis and chew count more and satiety is better. Ø  Wheat is more nutritious as it is richer in protein, fibre, and B vitamins. Ø  Large quantities of wheat increases blood sugar. Ø  Fasting can lead to hypoglycaemia. It is dangerous particularly who are on oral medicines or insulin. Ø  This results in hyperglycaemia. Ø  This is a normal diet eaten regularly in moderation avoiding certain foods. Ø  Citrus fruits and apples can be taken. Banana and mango are high in fructose when eaten in unlimited quantities cholesterol levels may increase. Ø  If eaten raw or with little fat or no coconut. Ø  Preparations like kanjee are not preferred as they have high GI. Chapathis/rotis are preferred. Ø  Is is better to avoid empty calories like cola drinks. It is better to eat fruits as such as glycaemic index and nutritive value better. Fenugreek seed to be taken 25g/day to have an impact. This may not apply to all other bitter foods. Sweets where concentrated sugar and fat are used like mysorpak  are avoided totally. Permitted levels of 10 g of sucrose can be taken. Artificial sweeteners can be added in coffee and tea like Aspartame. Best is to appreciate bitterness in tea or coffee. Take good carbohydrate and good fats :- Saturated fats Transfatty acid Unsaturated fatty acid Complex carbohyadrates